P(Aᵢ|B) = P(Aᵢ)P(B|Aᵢ) / Σⱼ P(Aⱼ)P(B|Aⱼ). Used for: medical diagnosis (P(disease|+test)), quality control, spam filters. Partition theorem: P(B) = ΣP(B|Aᵢ)P(Aᵢ). Example: 3 boxes with different compositions — which box was a ball drawn from?
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