Functions: supports leaves and flowers, transports water and nutrients. Conducting vessels: xylem (water up) and phloem (food down). Modified stems: potato (underground), ginger (rhizome), onion (bulb), cactus (stores water). Experiment: put celery/white flower in coloured water โ colour travels up stem through xylem.
How to study this topic
Read the core explanation once without solving.
Open the formula links below and connect them with the topic meaning.
Practice the 10 example pages one by one.
Use the AI ask page for text, voice or image-based doubts.