Plants reproduce without seeds using vegetative parts. Types: Stem cutting (rose, sugarcane), Layering (jasmine โ bend stem to soil, roots form, then cut), Budding (grafting one plant onto another), Rhizomes (ginger, turmeric underground stem), Tubers (potato โ eyes are buds), Bulbs (onion, garlic). Advantages: faster, identical to parent, no need for seeds.
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